Ruzivo rwekutanga rwezvisikwa fiber

Iko kugadzirwa kweye Optical fiber kwakadzinga shanduko mumunda wekutaurirana. Kana pasina Optical fiber kuti ipe yakakwirira-yakakwira mhanya-mhanya nzira, iyo Internet inogona kungogara mune yeiyo orgoretical nhanho. Kana zana ramakore rechi20 raive nguva yemagetsi, saka zana ramakore rechi21 ndiyo nguva yechiedza. Chiedza Chinoita Sei Kukurukurirana? Ngatidzidze sei ruzivo rwekutanga rwekukurukurirana kwechokwadi pamwe chete nemupepeti pazasi.

Chikamu che1. Basic ruzivo rwekuparadzira kwepfungwa

Kunzwisisa Mafungu echiedza
Mafungu echiedza ari chaizvo electromagnetic mafungu, uye munzvimbo yemahara, iyo wavelength uye frequency ye yemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi zvakaringana. Chigadzirwa chevaviri chakaenzana nekumhanya kwechiedza, kureva kuti:

Ronga mawleths) mafuro e electromagnic mafungu kuitira kuti aumbe electromagnetic spectrum. Sekureva kweiyo yakasarudzika wavelength Mabhandi anoshandiswa kutaurirana anonyanya kuzivikanwa dunhu, microwave mudunhu, uye radio wave wedunhu. Mufananidzo unotevera uchakubatsira iwe kuti unzwisise kupatsanurana kwemabhendi ekutaurirana uye zvinoenderana nenhau dzekuparadzira mumaminitsi.

Iyo protagonist yechinyorwa chino, "Fuber Optical kutaurirana," inoshandisa mafungu emwenje muInfrared bhendi. Kana zvasvika kune izvozvi, vanhu vanogona kushamisika kuti nei ichifanira kunge iri muBhangwa Infrared? Nyaya iyi ine hukama neyekupedzisira yekufambisa kurasikirwa kweye Optical fiber zvinhu, zvinoreva kuti Silica girazi. Tevere, isu tinofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti mafambiro anoshanda anotapudza chiedza.

Kuramba, kuratidzira, uye zvakakwana kuratidzwa kwechiedza

Kana mwenje wakaburitswa kubva kune chimwe chinhu kuenda kune chimwe, kuraswa uye kuratidzwa kunoitika panguva yezvinhu zviviri, uye nekona yekuramba inowedzera nekona yechiedza chechiedza. Sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo ① → →. Kana zviitiko zvechiitiko chasvika kana kupfuura imwe kona, mwenje wakadzoserwa unonyangarika uye zvese zviitiko zvechiedza chinoratidzwa kumashure, ndechekuti ndiko kuratidzwa kwechiedza, sezvakaratidzwa mu ② → → → mune →

Zvishandiso zvakasiyana zvine indices dzakasiyana, saka kumhanya kwekuparadzira kwepfungwa kunosiyana mumifananidzo yakasiyana. Iyo indekisi yekudzokorora inomiririrwa na n, n = c / v, apo c iri velocity mune vacuum uye v ndiyo nhoroondo yekunyepedzera mune yepakati. Svikiro ine yakakwira indekisi inonzi Indical Denenti Svikiro, nepo svikiro ine yakaderera Refractive Index inonzi ine chinhu chakaringana svutugadzike. Mamiriro maviri aya ekuratidzira akazara kuti zviitike ndezvekuti:
1. Kuendesa kubva pane yakasarudzika kushushikana kwepakati kuti ive yepakati svutugadzike
2. Icho chiitiko chakakora chakakura kupfuura kana chakaenzana nekona yakaoma yezvakakwana kuratidzwa
Kuti udzivise Optical Signal Leage uye kuderedza kupaza kurasikirwa, kutapurirana kweOptical muOptical Fibers kunoitika pasi pemamiriro ese ekuratidzira.

Chikamu chechipiri. Nhanganyaya kune Optical Inotsvaga Nhau (Fiber Optic)

Fiber optic chimiro

Neruzivo rwekutanga rwekuratidzira kwakakwana kwekuparadzira nhema, zviri nyore kunzwisisa chimiro chechimiro chemasaini. Iyo isina chinhu yeye Optical fiber yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu. Iyo Core DIAMETER inowanzoitika 9-10 Microns (Imwe-Mode), 50 kana 62.5 Microns (Multi-mode). Iyo fiber core ine indekisi yepamusoro uye inoshandiswa kuendesa chiedza. Yechipiri Layer Inoputira: Inowanikwa yakatenderedza fiber core, zvakare inoumbwa neiyo silica girazi (ine diameter yeakanyanya ma125 micons). Iyo indekisi yekudzora yeiyo cladding yakaderera, inogadzira huwandu hwakakwana hwekuratidzira pamwe chete neiyo fiber core. Yechitatu inobatanidza layer: Iyo yekunze dura ndiyo yakasimbiswa resin yekubatanidza. Chinyorwa chekudzivirira chine simba chine simba rakakura uye unogona kutsungirira maitiro makuru, achidzivirira fibheti kubva mumvura yemvura yemvura uye mechancal abrasion.

Optical Kuendesa Kurasikirwa

Fiber Optic Kuparadza kurasikirwa chinhu chakakosha kwazvo chinokanganisa kunaka kweiyo fiber optic kutaurirana. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzeresa kutaridzika kwezviratidzo zvekutarisa zvinosanganisira kurasikirwa kwekushandisa kwezvinhu, kuparadzira kurasikirwa panguva yekuendesa, uye kumwe kurasikirwa kwakakonzerwa nezvikwenenzvera, kudzvinyirira, uye kurasikirwa nekurodha.

Iyo wavelength yechiedza yakasiyana, uye kurasikirwa kwekutapurirana mumakwikwi emisikidzo zvakare kwakasiyana. Kuti uderedze kurasikirwa uye uve nechokwadi chekutapurirana, masayendisiti akaitwa kuti awane mwenje wakakodzera kwazvo. Chiedza muWavelength renji ye1260nm ~ 1360nm ine chidiki chiratidzo chekukanganisa chinokonzerwa nekupararira uye kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekutanga. Mumazuva ekutanga, iyi wavelength renji yakagamuchirwa seboka rekukurukurirana rekukurukurirana. Gare gare, mushure menguva yakareba yekuongorora uye kudzidzira, nyanzvi zvishoma nezvishoma ipfupikise kurasikirwa kwakaderera waveleng Saka mafungu echiedza anoshandiswa mune fiber optic kutaurirana kazhinji mune iyo infrared bhendi.

Fiber Optic Kugadziriswa

Multimode Optical Fiber: Asi iyo huru modhi yekuparadzira migariro inogumira kuwanda kwekutapurirana nemasaini, uye ichi chinogumira zvinowedzera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kutapurirana. Naizvozvo, chinhambwe che multimode fiber optic turnc transpoly zvishoma, kazhinji chete makiromita mashoma chete.
Imwe mode fiber: ine diki diki fiber diamita, iyo ongororo imwechete nzira imwe chete inogona kutapurwa, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kutaurirana kure.

Chikamu chechitatu. Kushanda nheyo yeFiber Optic yekutaurirana system

Optical fiber kutaurirana system

Zvigadzirwa zvekutaurirana zvinowanzoshandiswa, senge mbozhanhare uye makomputa, kutapurirana ruzivo nenzira yemagetsi magetsi. Paunenge uchiitisa kutaurirana kwepfungwa, nhanho yekutanga ndeyekushandura zviratidzo zvemagetsi kuita zviratidzo zvemagetsi, zvichivatasai nemazita emihara, uye wobva washandura zviratidzo zvemagetsi kuti uwane chinangwa chekutapurirana ruzivo. Iyo yekukurukurirana nyaya yekutaurirana inosanganisira cheshuwa transmitter, anogamuchira anogamuchira, uye nzvimbo yeFiber Optical wedunhu rekuendesa mwenje. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mhando yeiyo refu-kureba chiratidzo uye kuvandudza kutumira Bandwidth, Repical Reperers uye akawanda maWoltlexers anowanzoshandiswa.

Pazasi peganhuro pfupi kune iyo inoshanda nheyo yezvinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri muFiber Optication yekutaurirana system.

Optical Transmitter:Inoshandura zviratidzo zvemagetsi kuita zviratidzo zvechokwadi, inonyanya kuumbwa neyechiratidzo modulators uye mwenje unovhenekesa.

Signal Multlexer:Vakaroorana vakawanda vanotakura masaini emazwi ehuremu hwakasiyana mune imwe chete chaiyo fiber yekufambisa, kuzadzisa mhedzisiro yekupokana kwekutapudza kutapurirana.

Optical Reperater:Munguva yekufambisa, iyo yekuwedzera uye kuwedzera kwechiratidzo kuchaderera, saka zvakafanira kudzorera iyo yekudzosera iyo yekuvhara kune yekutanga chiratidzo uye kuwedzera kuwanda kwechiedza.

Signal DemELLILEXER:Gadzira chiratidzo chakasarudzika mune yayo yekutanga masaini.

Optical Receiver:Inoshandura iyo yakagashira chiratidzo chechiratidzo chemagetsi, inonyanya kuumbwa neyefananidzo ye Photodetector uye demodulator.

Chikamu 4

Zvakanakira kutaurirana kwechokwadi:

1. Yakareba kudzokorora kureba, hupfumi uye simba kuponesa
Kufunga kutapurirana kwegumi maGBPs (10 bhiriyoni 0 kana 1 masaini pane yechipiri) yeruzivo, kana kutaurirana kwemagetsi kuchishandiswa, chiratidzo chinoda kudzoserwa uye kugadziridzwa mazana mashoma emamita. Kuenzaniswa neizvi, uchishandisa chirevo chechokwadi chinogona kuzadzisa chinhambwe chekiromita anopfuura zana. Vashoma nguva chiratidzo chinogadziriswa, iyo yakaderera mutengo. Kune rimwe divi, izvo zvinyorwa zvemukati zvefaira ishicon diexide, iyo ine zvakawanda zvinochengeterwa mari yakawanda uye mutengo wakaderera pane waya yemhangura. Naizvozvo, kutaurirana kwemashoko kune chiitiko chine hupfumi uye simba-simba.

2. Kurumidza ruzivo kuendesa uye yakakwirira kutaurirana mhando

Semuenzaniso, ikozvino kana uchitaura kushamwari kune dzimwe nyika kana kutaura online, ruzha haruna kuita kunge rugwe sepakutanga. Munguva yekuverenga, kutaurirana kwenyika kwenyika dzakawanda kunonyanya kuvimbika satellite sekutapurirana kwekutapurirana, zvichikonzera nzira refu yekuendesa uye kusvika pakusvika kunononoka chiratidzo. Uye kutaurirana kwechokwadi, nerubatsiro rwetambo yemabhero, kupfupisa kutapurirana kure, kugadzira ruzivo rwekuendesa nekukurumidza. Naizvozvo, uchishandisa kutaurirana kwechokwadi kunogona kuwana kutaurirana kwakanyatsoita nemakungwa.

3. Akasimba anti-kukanganisika kugona uye kwakavanzika kwakanaka

Kukurukurirana kwemagetsi kunogona kuwana zvikanganiso nekuda kweElectromagnetic kukanganiswa, kutungamira kuderera kwekutaurirana. Nekudaro, kutaurirana kweOptication hakuna kukanganiswa nemheremhere yemagetsi, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika. Uye nekuda kweiyo nheyo yekufungisisa kwakazara, chiratidzo chakanyatsovharidzirwa kune iyo Optical fiber yekuendesa, saka kuvanzika kwakanaka.

4. Kukurukurirana kukuru
Kazhinji, kutaurirana kwemagetsi kunogona kungoendesa 10GBPS (10 bhiriyoni 0 kana 1 masaini pane yechipiri) yeruzivo, nepo kutaurirana kwechokwadi kunogona kuendesa 1TBPS (1 trillion 0 kana 1 signals) yeruzivo.

Kushandisa kwekukurukurirana kwechokwadi

Pane zvakawanda zvakanakira kutaurirana chaiko, uye zvakabatanidzwa mukona yega yega yehupenyu hwedu kubvira zvarwo. Midziyo yakadai sefoni mbozha, makomputa, uye mafoni anoshandisa Internet bata munhu wese kunzvimbo yavo, iyo nyika yese, uye neyekukurukurirana kwepasirese. Semuenzaniso, masaini anoburitswa nemakomputa uye mbozhanhare mbozha kuunganidza munharaunda yekukurukurirana

Kuziva kwezviitiko zvezuva nezuva sekufona kwemazuva ese, kutenga online, mitambo yemavhidhiyo, uye kubirira vachiona zvese kuvimba nerutsigiro uye kubatsirwa kumashure kwezviitiko. Iko kubuda kweye Optical network kwakaita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve hwakagadzikana uye hwakaringana.